Improvement in looms



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BARTON H. JENKSV, OF BRIDESBRG, PENNSYLVANIA.

Leners Pau-mt No. 84,423, dated' November 24, 186s.

IMPROVEMENT IN Looms.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making pari: of the same.

To allawhom it may conce/m.-

Be it known that I, BARTON H. J Enns, of Bridesburg, in the county of Philadelphia, and State of -Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Innprovements in Looms; land I do hereby declare that the followingis a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had. to the accompanying drawings, making a part of -this specification, in whichv Figiu-e 1, plate 1, is a front elevation of parts of a loom, showing my improvements applied thereto.

Figure 2,-plate 1, is a plan view of g. 1.

Figure 3, plate 2, is a longitudinal section, through iig.. 1, taken in the vertical piane indicated by red line x x.

Figures 4, 5, and 6 vare views of the grooved hubs of the cams, which are used for operating the heddlelevers.`

Figures 7 and 8 show the device used for regulating the tension of the harness.

Similar, letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several gures.

This invention relates to certain novel improvements on power-looms, which are particularly designed for weaving twilled and other fabrics, wherein several sets of harnesses or heddles are employed, which require to be shifted in regular succession, and wherein the movements of the harness are effected by means of cams which receive a rotary motion, and also lateralsliding motions. The rst part of my' invention relateste harnesses, which are either hell lOWn o r suspended, by means ofv cords and a system of pulley-blocks, and consists in providing'a simple and eiicient means in connection therewith, whereby the tension of the harness-cord o1' cords can be nicely adjusted with great facility, as will be hereinafter described.

The second part of my invention relates to an improvement on cams, which are operated by means of feathers and grooved hubs, so as to receive reciprocating movements in a direction with the length of the v cam-shaft at the same time they rotate with this shaft said improvement consisting in sustaining and guiding each cam-hub and cam during their laterally-sliding movements, by means of feathers or gibs iitted into corresponding matrices, and arrangeddiametrically o'pposite each other, in such relation to the switchor` near their upper ends, the harnesses.

The drawings represent the heddles C' C O, suspended from drums or rollers D D D, which have their .end-bearings in said standards B B', and which are arranged one below the other in horizontal planes. The heddle-fiames C are each suspended at both ends from said rollers or drums, by means of straps a c and suitable connecting-links or hooks.

The lower ends of the several heddles C are attached to pulley-'blocks g g g, over the sheaves of which acord, his. passed, which is carried down and passed around several sheaves, iii, arranged in a gang, and applied between the upper forked ends of a bearing, E, shown in fig. 3.

The cord 71, is thenpassed around a grooved sheave, j, in the lower end of a pendant which is formed on the bearing E, thence across to and around a sheave, k, at the base of one side fof the loom-frame, from which sheave the cord is carried up and attached to a drum, G, 'as clearly shown'in figs. l and 3..

' The flanged drum Gis arranged in a convenient position for the weaver to have access to it, and to this end it may be applied upon a studj al, projecting from the standard B', and arranged at any desired height. One end or flange of the drum G is toothed, so as to form a ratchetfwheel, which, with the pawl or dog d', will arrest the drum against being turned backward, but will allow it to be turned forward, for winding more or less of the cord hupon it, as may be foundl desirable.

' By employing the drum Gr, or its equivalent, in 'conjunction witha system of pulley-blocks and sheaves,

with a cord carried around them., and attached at oneend to said device, it will be seen that the weaver will have no difficulty in adjusting the tension of the harnesses at pleasure, whether the loom be in operation or at rest.

` Instead of employing the system of pulleys and `their adjusting-device, arranged as shown, for holding down the heddles, the same means may be employed for suspending the heddles by simply reversing the arrangement shown in the-drawings'.-

The heddles are raised and depressed in proper order by means of cams, acting successively upon treadles J, which latter are connected by their fr/'ee ends to reduced cylindrical portions of the rollers or drums D D D by means of wires s s and belts or straps t t, as shown in iig. 1.l g

The treadles J may be arranged on both sides of the loom-frame, within this frame, as shown, or they may be arranged in any other suitable manner.

The cams K, which operate upon the elevated surfaces of the treadles J, are suitably attached to the outer ends of grooved hubs L, which are applied upon a horizontal cam-shaft, P, arranged transversely over the said treadles, as shown in the drawings.

The hubs L are applied upon the shaft P, so as to turn with it, and also to receive reciprocating movements in a direction with the length of their shaft, for the purpose of depressing the treadles in proper order.

[he lengthwise movements areimparted to the cams and their hubs by means of swivels n, which are sup? ported by studs N fastened to brackets N on frame A,

These feathers work in grooves o, which are made in the peripheries of the hubs L, as shown inthe draw ings, lig. 4, or in any other suitable manner.

` The grooves v, in each one of the hubs L, cross each other obliquely, on one side thereof, so that as these oblique grooves are brought around and receive the feather n, lateral movements will be imparted to the cam and its hub. The cam K of each grooved hub is so applied to it with relation to the oblique grooves in its face, that the acting face of Ythe cam will not impinge upon the treadles during the said lateral movements,

Each grooved hub, L, is applied upon its cam-shaft P, so that it will rotate therewith,by means of two tenons or feathers, y y, which are applied in a suitable manner to the cam-shaft, diametrically opposite to each other, as shown clearly in figs. 2 and 5, which feathers receive corresponding slots or matrices made in the eye of the hub L. The feathers y y and their grooves in the eye of the hub L are made with reference to the oblique groove or grooves in the face of this hub, and in such relation thereto that during the act of moving the earn and its hub laterally, to shift it from one treadle to another, the feathers will be in the best possible position to support and guide said cam and hub, and ,prevent undue friction.

I am aware that a single' feather has been used with the hubs of sliding twilling-cams, and: also that these hubs and cams have been applied upon shafts whichy were made square, prisinatic, and polygonal, for the purpose of preventing the looseness 'which is caused by the undue wear of a single feather. The square and many-sided shafts are preferable to the shafts having only single feathers upon them, but with two feathers there will be a less amount of iction or wearing-surface presented than with the square or polygonal shafts, and consequently less power will be required to slide or shift a hub and cam guided by two feathers; and, while this is the case, two feathers, placed dialnetrically opposite each other, will afford such a perfect guide for the cani and hub that it will slide back and forth freely, and with very little friction.

The feathers may be applied to or formed on the cani-shaft, in any suitable manner, or they may be formed in the eyes of the cam-hubs, to be received by corresponding grooves formed in the cam-shaft, as

` shown in iig. 6.

Having described 'my invention,

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is- Y l. The combination of the tension-.device G, arranged and operating'substantially as described, with heddles, which are either held down or suspended by means of a cord. and a system of she( ves, substantially as andA for the purposes described.

2. The combination of the twilling-cam K, hub L, which is grooved eileumferentially, and as described, diainetrically-opposil1g feathers -y y, onjthe cam-shaft, and the swivel a, substantially as and for the purpose described.

3. The combination and arrangement of the-system of looni-treadles, the twilling-cain, the circumferentially-grooved hub, which is grooved as described, and slides, the cani-shaft with two feathers, y y, and the swivel n, substantially as and for the purpose described.

BARTON H. JENKSL Witnesses XVILLIAM DOBSON7 JAMns HUGHES. 

